Corpus Callosum and Brain Function

The corpus callosum is a thick band of nerve fibers that divides the cerebral cortex lobes into left and right hemispheres. It connects the left and right sides of the brain allowing for communication between both hemispheres. The corpus callosum transfers motor, sensory, and cognitive information between the brain hemispheres. Function The corpus callosum is the largest fiber bundle in the brain, containing nearly 200 million axons. It is composed of white matter fiber tracts known as commissural fibers. It is involved in several functions of the body including: Communication Between Brain HemispheresEye Movement and VisionMaintaining the Balance of Arousal and AttentionTactile Localization From anterior (front) to posterior (back), the corpus callosum can be divided into regions known as the rostrum, genu, body, and splenium. The rostrum and genu connect the left and right frontal lobes of the brain. The body and splenium connect the hemispheres of the temporal lobes and the hemispheres of the occipital lobes. The corpus callosum plays an important role in vision by combining the separate halves of our visual field, which process images separately in each hemisphere. It also allows us to identify the objects we see by connecting the visual cortex with the language centers of the brain. In addition, the corpus callosum transfers tactile information (processed in the parietal lobes) between the brain hemispheres to enable us to locate touch. Location Directionally, the corpus callosum is located underneath the cerebrum at the midline of the brain. It resides within the interhemispheric fissure, which is a deep furrow that separates the brain hemispheres. Agenesis of the Corpus Callosum Agenesis of the corpus callosum (AgCC) is a condition in which an individual is born with a partial corpus callosum or no corpus callosum at all. The corpus callosum typically develops between 12 to 20 weeks and continues to experience structural changes even into adulthood. AgCC can be caused by a number of factors including chromosome mutations, genetic inheritance, prenatal infections, and other causes that are unknown. Individuals with AgCC may experience cognitive and communication developmental delays. They may have difficulty understanding language and social cues. Other potential problems include vision impairment, lack of movement coordination,  hearing problems, low muscle tone, distorted head or facial features, spasms, and seizures. How are people born without a corpus callosum able to function? How are both hemispheres of their brain able to communicate? Researchers have discovered that the resting state brain activity in both those with healthy brains and those with AgCC look essentially the same. This indicates that the brain compensates for the missing corpus callosum by rewiring itself and establishing new nerve connections between the brain hemispheres. The actual process involved in establishing this communication is still unknown.

Group s Decision Making Process - 880 Words

Group Reflection Paper Group projects challenge students to not only accomplish a more difficult task, but accomplish it while working in groups. For this particular video project, I learned about my leadership style and the importance of enthusiasm when working in groups. Later in this paper, I will reflect my group’s decision-making process, dynamics, strengths, and flaws. The decision-making process went hand and hand with the dynamic of the group. Decisions were made by receiving input from others, which sometimes worked better than others. I found myself seeking approval from my fellow group members before moving forward. Since my group worked together harmoniously, this was never a problem; however, I suspect some of the harmony came from people simply wanting to go along to get along. If at any point we disagreed, usually the problem was we had too many good ideas to choose from, not because someone chose to be stubborn. Even so, after discussing which idea worked best for our project, weâ₠¬â„¢d go with the majority vote. Everyone remained civil, and expressed appreciation toward all ideas shared. Collaboration worked in our favor when making decisions. I acted like the spokesperson in my group. Typically, I would ask the group what our goals were for meetings, when future meetings would be, and how to proceed after accomplishing small tasks. As I mentioned earlier, we made decisions as a group, but I found I addressed the problems or conflicts to the group. Keeping myShow MoreRelatedConsumer Knowledge And Group Influences On Consumer s Decision Making Process2524 Words   |  11 Pagesknowledge and group influences have on a consumer’s decision-making process. Additionally, the report will advise a range of recommendations that an inert brand can adopt to guarantee its inclusion in the consumer’s consideration set of brands. The topic of consumer knowledge focuses on a consumer’s understanding of their desires, ultimately shaping their attitudes and intentions towards purchasing. Experiences can help a consumer choose a better product and make their decision-making process easier.Read MoreFactors That Affect The Holiday Choice Has Evolved Over The Ages Of Ages1090 Words   |  5 Pagesconclusion, most evidence is suggesting that tweens, a group of highly experienced tourists between the ages of 8-12, are increasingly becoming a major influence behind family holidays. This age group have usually taken a number of holidays and have visited many different destinations across the globe. As outlined earlier Argyle (1996) makes reference to how a number of factors, age being one of them, have an effect on the holiday-taking decision-making process. 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Factors influencing Activity Based Costing Samples for Students

Questions: 1. Describe the Changes in Cost Structure that are likely to have occurred at Cravings for Cakes over the last 20 years, and Explain their causes. 2. Explain whether the existing Costing System understates or overstates the cost of a) Lamington b) Danish Pastry 3. Explain how Activity-based Costing could overcome the deficiencies inherent in the existing Costing System. 4. What factors should Ursula B. Bright consider when deciding whether to use Activity based Costing. Answers: Executive Summary In the given case, Cravings for Cakes Pty Ltd was engaged in the business of manufacturing a wide range of delicious cakes and pastries. The company was started 20 years ago where at that time the company was engaged in the manufacturing of pies, finger buns and lamingtons. The margin of the goods was good and the company was using only simple machinery but lot of hard work. Currently, the company along with its ongoing products has started the manufacturing of Danish pastries, donuts and vanilla slices. These are low volume line products but they have a good margin. The workers use to complain for these products as they involve a lot of hard work and are of low volume a well but being they have a god margin thus the company is preferring these product as well. Over the last 20 years, the factory certain changes have been taken place. The company has introduced computer-controlled mixing machines and ovens which replaced a lot of direct labor operations, and now more emphasis has bee n placed on quality and delivery performance. But in spite of these changes the profit of the company are declining on a continuous basis which has been alarming for the management. The management has asked the workers to concentrate on increasing the productivity especially for the high margin goods. 1.Changes in the Cost Structure Cost structure refers to the combination of fixed and variable cost that has been incurred by the business. In the given company, the cost structure has witnessed multiple changes. Earlier being it was highlighted that the company was using simple machinery and there is lot of work been carried out manually, thus, the company has to incur more of the labor cost in producing the cakes. But with the passage of time, the things have changed and the company has now started using computer-controlled mixing machines and ovens which replaced a lot of direct labor operations, and now more emphasis has been placed on quality and delivery performance. Thus as result of these changes cost structure of the company moved from more of the labor cost towards overhead costs. The cost structure which was earlier being concentrated more towards and has a high percentage of labor cost has now moved towards overheads cost which includes depreciation, maintenance cost of the machinery etc. In the traditi onal cost structure the proportion of the fixed cost was relatively high. This was majorly on account of the high labor cost the company use to incur. Similar is the case with Cravings for Cakes Pty Ltd, looking at the business model of the company, the management must have hired more permanent staff with itself keeping the fixed cost as high. But with the passage of time and the automation that has taken place in the company, the same fixed cost has decreased. The main reason for the changes that has been taken place is mainly because of the automation that has been witnessed in the entire industry. This has resulted in reducing of the manual process and ultimately the labor hours and its associated cost has reduced in multiple folds. At the same time, being the cost has reduced but at the same time the cost related to asset maintenance, depreciation etc has increased. Although the increment in the cost is not as much as the decrease that we have witnessed in the labor cost. But with the all these process, the competition has increased in the market. Thus, in order to survive in the market one has to make their prices more competitive than its competitor. This has a direct impact on the sales prices and one has to reduce the same to survive in the industry. Thus, overall, the cost that one has saved in the first process has been occupied by the decrease that he has witnessed in the sales prices on account of growing competition. Another ma in reason behind the change in the cost structure is the changes that we have witnessed in the traditional and the modern cost theory. 2.Understatement and Overstatement of cost The company has been working since last 20 years. Earlier the company has been using the traditional costing method under which they were manufacturing a wide range of delicious cakes and pastries. The company was able to survive in that market at times when they were engaged only in the production of cakes and pastries but at soon as the company went into the automation phase where they started using computer-controlled mixing machines and ovens which replaced a lot of direct labor operations, and started emphasizing more on quality and delivery performance, there profit declined and they started facing troubles relating to their survival. Being the automation that has been carried out is done with an intention to reduce cost and dependence on the fixed cost but it has worked other way round for the company. This shows that the modern costing theory that has been placed by the management has made the cost structure correct which was not well effective in the past. This shows that th e cost structure that was there in the past for the company was not correct and the cost was understated. Thus through the modern costing technique, the management came to know about the understatement cost and when they correct that the profit got reduced. This has majorly impacted the fixed cost of the company as result; the management of the company has asked the employees to work on increasing the sales volume of the company. Thus considering the above logic, it has been proved that the existing cost system has understated the cost of the finished goods that has been produced by the company. 3.Activity Based Costing Under the activity based costing the cost is allocated based on the different activities that have been carried out in the organization based on the actual consumption that has taken place in each activity. With the help of activity based costing, the activities in the organization is identified ad cost has bee allocated to each activity based on the actual consumption that has taken place in each activity. Through the help of activity based costing, a company can estimate the cost of the products, activities and services. This will help the company in decision making in relation to the products whether they wanted to continue with the existing products or any changes are required to be made in the product structure. Through the help of activity based costing, the company can determine the products which are relatively over priced and the management can work o reducing their cost so as to make the product more competitive in the market. This process cab further help in identifying ad eliminating the production processes that are ineffective in nature ad at the same time we cab determine the production process that are more effective considering the nature of business that has been carried out by the company. Through the help of activity based costing, one can better understand the product, customer cost and the profitability of the production processes. Traditionally the overhead cost has been allocated to the products based on the machine hours that have been spent on manufacturing the product. In the ABC costing technique the cost is first been allocated to the activities that have caused the overhead to happen for the product and then once the cost has been allocated to the activities, they are further been added to the product who actually depends on the activities. The difference between the two methods can be well understood with the help of an example. For example: A company manufactures two products. The first product a low volume item and the company required additional testing and some special engineering along with some machine hours set up to make the product. On the other hand, the second product is required in high volume. Being the product has been manufactured continuously, it requires less attention and no additional special activity is required. Now, in this case, if the company is using the traditional method of a llocating the overhead cost based on the machine hours, then very little cost will be allocated to the first product being the same was manufactured on lower quantity. On the other hand, high overhead cost will be allocated to the second product being the same has been manufactured in large quantity although in reality less overhead has been spent on the product. Thus through the help of the traditional costing technique the cost that has been determined for both the products are not correct and the results are misleading. This shortcoming of the traditional method can be overcome by the Activity base costing where the overhead cost are allocated based on more than one activity other than the machine hours. In case of the given company, the company has been engaged in manufacturing many different varieties of pies, finger buns and lamingtons. Currently, the company along with its ongoing products has started the manufacturing of Danish pastries, donuts and vanilla slices. Looking at the overall picture, being the company has been dealing in different product now, there seems like the overhead cost hasnt been allocated adequately among the different products that has been manufactured by the company, Through Activity base costing, the management of the company would be able to determine the product among the ones they are manufacturing whether the same is giving them an adequate amount of profit or not. Through this process they can work out whether to close the production of the products which are giving them limited or no profit. The correct allocation of the overhead amount will reduce unnecessary pressure from the products of the company and the management can realize the products fo r whom they are likely to concentrate in future in increasing the production. Being currently the management has no view as result before working out the correct product, they have just asked the employees to increase the production without realizing an determining the correct product which they should concentrate on. The management has asked the employees to work on increasing the sales of high margin products, but without adequate allocation of the overhead, the correct margin of the goods cannot be determined making the entire difference for the company and making things worse for the employees. The major difference that has been made in the last 20 years is the overhead allocation. It has been specified that the later products like Danish pastries, donuts and vanilla slices are being manufactured by the company in low volume but these are high margin goods. This shows that the overhead cost allocation is not consistent and this the major deficiency in the cost structure and theory adopted by Cravings for Cakes Pty Ltd. 4.Factors required to decide for Activity based Costing In order to adopt Activity based Costing, management is required to consider certain factors. In order to adopt activity based costing, it is important for one to understand the different business activity. Though the help of these business activities the cost can be assigned and from these activities, ultimately the cost is transferred towards the products where the activities are related to. In the modern world, the management of the company has placed more emphasis on these costing theories being the same has helped the management in better decision making. There are certain factors that need to be focused in by the management of Cravings for Cakes Pty Ltd for adoption of Activity based costing. One of them is the determination of the critical activities of the company. In activity based costing the cost is allocated based on the different activities that have been carried out in the organization based on the actual consumption that has taken place in each activity. With the help of activity based costing, the activities in the organization are identified and cost has been allocated to each activity based on the actual consumption that has taken place in each activity. Thus, the first factor that needs to be considered by the management is the adequate determination of the activities for the business. The next factor is understanding the importance of ABC costing techniques for decision making purposes. Ursula B. Bright should determine whether the traditional costing method that they are using is able to provide them sufficient informa tion which is required for making adequate decisions in the business especially those related to the products. This factor will force the management of the company to go for ABC costing techniques. By looking at the current financial position of the company, it does not looks that the company is in a goo state. The management has already highlighted to the employees to work on increasing the production as it has become difficult for the company to continue in the current state, this shows the decision making of the company is not in a good state and the company is suffering and required some adequate base on which the management can rely for adequate decision making. The next major factor for the company is determination of sufficient of cost distortion. For an organization to adopt ABC costing there should be high potential for cost distortion. The cost distortions tend to impact the decision making of the company specially those related to the profitability analysis. In order to a dopt ABC costing technique, the management of the company is required to put proper attention to it. In order to ensure this, the management of the company is required to adopt adequate information system in the organization. Thu, the ABC costing technique requires considerable time and effort from the management and that can be done only when the management has sufficient time for ABC. Further, the size of the company is also an important factor that needs to be kept in mind at times of adopting ABC technique. For the ABC technique to be effective, the sales of the company are required to be between the ranges of $100 million to $500 million. Further ABC costing generally takes longer time to implement being the outcome of the same is being used for decision making. Thus, time is the major factor in determining whether the company should go for the ABC costing or not. Conclusion The Cravings for Cakes Pty Ltd was engaged in the business of manufacturing a wide range of delicious cakes and pastries. Because of the traditional costing technique the management of the company was unable to allocate the correct cost among its products. In this case, the management should get for ABC costing technique. With the help of activity based costing, the activities in the organization is identified ad cost has been allocated to each activity based on the actual consumption that has taken place in each activity. Through the help of activity based costing, a company can estimate the cost of the products, activities and services. This will help the company in decision making in relation to the products whether they wanted to continue with the existing products or any changes are required to be made in the product structure. The company will be able to determine the accurate cost for the products and this will help them in adequate decision making. References Accounting coach.com, Activity Based Costing, viewed on 7th May 2017, Retrieved from https://www.accountingcoach.com/activity-based-costing/explanation Ibrahim D, 2017, Factors influencing Activity Based Costing adoption in the manufacturing industry, viewed on 7th May 2017, Retrieved from https://businessperspectives.org/media/zoo/applications/publishing/templates/article/assets/js/pdfjs/web/viewer.php?file=/pdfproxy.php?item_id:1485 Reference for Business.com, Activity Based costing, viewed on 7th May 2017, retrieved from https://www.referenceforbusiness.com/small/A-Bo/Activity-Based-Costing.html Isa C, 2010, Factors Influencing Activity-Based Costing Success: A Research Framework, viewed on 7th May 2017, Retrieved from https://www.ijtef.org/papers/26-C130.pdf Krumwiede, K. R. 1998. ABC: Why it's tried and how it succeeds. Management Accounting (April): 32-34, 36, 38. https://maaw.info/ArticleSummaries/ArtSumKrumwiede98.htm Wright T, 2017, What Types of Businesses Do Activity-Based Costing?, viewed on 7th May 2017, Retrieved from https://yourbusiness.azcentral.com/types-businesses-activitybased-costing-28437.html

Rain Water Harvesting free essay sample

RAINWATER HARVESTING Other Information In the present scenario management and distribution of water has become centralized. People depend on government system, which has resulted in disruption of community participation in water management and collapse of traditional water harvesting system. As the water crisis continues to become severe, there is a dire need of reform in water management system and revival of traditional systems. Scientific and technological studies needs to be carried out to assess present status so as to suggest suitable mitigative measures for the revival to traditional system/wisdom. Revival process should necessarily be backed by peoples initiative and active public participation. Living creatures of the universe are made of five basic elements, viz. , Earth, Water, Fire, Air and Sky, Obviously, water is one of the most important elements and no creature can survive without it. Despite having a great regard for water, we seem to have failed to address this sector seriously. Human being could not save and conserve water and it sources, probably because of its availability in abundance. But this irresponsible attitude resulted in deterioration of water bodies with respect to quantity and quality both. Now, situation has arrived when even a single drop of water matters. However. better late than never, we have not realized the seriousness of this issue and initiated efforts to overcome those problems. System of collection rainwater and conserving for future needs has traditionally been practiced in India. The traditional systems were time-tested wisdom of not only appropriate technology of Rainwater Harvesting, but also water management systems, where conservation of water was the prime concern. Traditional water harvesting systems were Bawaries, step wells, Jhiries, lakes, tanks etc. These were the ater storage bodies to domestic and irrigation demands. People were themselves responsible for maintenance to water sources and optimal use of water that could What is Rainwater harvesting? The term rainwater harvesting is being frequently used these days, however, the concept of water harvesting is not new for India. Water harvesting techniques had been evolved and developed centuries ago. Ground water resource gets naturally recharged through percolation. But due to indiscriminate development and rapid urbainzation, exposed surface for soil has been reduced drastically with resultant reduction in percolation of rainwater, thereby epleting ground water resource. Rainwater harvesting is the process of augmenting the natural filtration of rainwater in to the underground formation by some artificial methods. Conscious collection and storage of rainwater to cater to demands of water, for drinking, domestic purpose irrigation is termed as Rainwater Harvesting. Why harvest rainwater ? This is perhaps one of the most frequently asked question, as to why one should harvest rainwater. There are many reasons but following are some of the important ones. To arrest ground water decline and augment ground water table To beneficiate ater quality in aquifers To conserve surface water runoff during monsoon To reduce soil erosion To inculcate a culture of water conservation How to harvest rainwater: Broadly there are two ways of harvesting rainwater: Surface runoff harvesting Surface runoff harvesting: In urban area rainwater flows away as surface runoff. This runoff could be caught and used for recharging aquifers by adopting appropriate methods. Roof top rainwater harvesting (RTRWH): It is a system of catching rainwater where it falls. In rooftop harvesting, the roof becomes the catchments, and the rainwater is collected from the roof of the house/ uilding. It can either be stored in a tank or diverted to artificial recharge system. This method is less expensive and very effective and if implemented properly helps in augmenting the ground water level of the area. Components of the roof top rainwater harvesting system The illustrative design of the basic components of roof top rainwater harvesting system is given in the following typical schematic diagram/ The system mainly constitutes of following sub components: 5 Catchment Transportation First flush Filter The surface that receives rainfall directly is the catchment of rainwater harvesting ystem. It may be terrace, courtyard, or paved or unpaved open ground. The terrace may be flat RCC/stone roof or sloping roof. Therefore the catchment is the area, which actually contributes rainwater to the harvesting system. torage/harvesting system. Water pipes should be UV resistant (ISI HDPE/PVC pipes) of required capacity. Water from sloping roofs could be caught through gutters and down take pipe. At terraces, mouth of the each drain should have wire mesh to restrict floating material. First Flush First flush is a device used to flush off the water received in first shower. The first hower of rains needs to be flushed-off to avoid contaminating storable/rechargeable water by the probable contaminants of the atmosphere and the catchment roof. It will also help in cleaning of silt and other material deposited on roof during dry seasons Provisions of first rain separator should be made at outlet of each drainpipe. There is always some skepticism regarding Roof Top Rainwater Harvesting since doubts are raised that rainwater may contaminate groundwater. There is remote possibility of this fear coming true if proper filter mechanism is not adopted. Secondly all care must be taken to see that underground sewer drains are not unctured and no leakage is taking place in close vicinity. Filters are used fro treatment of water to effectively remove turbidity, colour and microorganisms. After first flushing of rainfall, water should pass through filters. There are different types of filters in practice, but basic function is to purify water. Sand Gravel Filter These are commonly used filters, constructed by brick masonry and filleted by pebbles, gravel, and sand as shown in the fgure. Each layer should be separated by wire mesh. Charcoal Filter as shown in the fgure should fill the drum or chamber. Each layer should be eparated by wire mesh. Thin layer of charcoal is used to absorb odor if any. PVC- Pipe filter This filter can be made by PVC pipe of 1 to 1. 20 m length; Diameter of pipe depends on the area of roof. Six inches dia. pipe is enough for a 1500 Sq. Ft. roof and 8 inches dia. pipe should be used for roofs more then 1500 Sq. Ft. Pipe is divided into three compartments by wire mesh. Each component should be filled with gravel and sand alternatively as shown in the fgure. A layer of charcoal could also be inserted between two layers. Both ends of filter should have reduce of required size to connect inlet and outlet. This filter could be placed horizontally or vertically in the system. Sponge Filter It is a simple filter made from PVC drum having a layer of sponge in the middle of drum. It is the easiest and cheapest form filter, suitable for residential units. Methods of Roof Top Rainwater Harvesting Storage of Direct use storage tank. The storage tank has to be designed according to the water requirements, rainfall and catchment availability. Each drainpipe should have mesh filter at mouth and first flush device followed by filtration system before connecting to the storage tank. It is advisable that each tank should have excess water over flow Excess water could be diverted to recharge system. Water from storage tank can be used for secondary purposes such as washing and gardening etc. This is the most cost effective way of rainwater harvesting. The main advantage of collecting and using the rainwater during rainy season is not only to save water from conventional sources, but also to save energy incurred on transportation and distribution of water at the doorstep. This also conserve groundwater, if it is being extracted to meet the demand when rains are on. Recharging ground water aquifers Ground water aquifers can be recharged by various kinds of structures to ensure ercolation of rainwater in the ground instead of draining away from the surface. Commonly used recharging methods are:- a) b) c) d) e) f) Recharging of bore wells Recharging of dug wells. Recharge pits Recharge Trenches Soak ways or Recharge Shafts Percolation Tanks Rainwater collected from rooftop of the building is diverted through drainpipes to settlement or filtration tank. After settlement filtered water is diverted to bore wells to recharge deep aquifers. Abandoned bore wells can also be used for recharge. Optimum capacity of settlement tank/filtration tank can be designed on the basis of rea of catchement, intensity of rainfall and recharge rate as discussed in design parameters. While recharging, entry of floating matter and silt should be restricted because it may clog the recharge structure. first one or two shower should be flushed out through rain separator to avoid contamination. This is very important, and all care should be taken to ensure that this has been done. Recharge Pits Recharge pits are small pits of any shape rectangular, square or circular, contracted with brick or stone masonry wall with weep hole at regular intervals. to of pit can be covered with perforated covers. Bottom of pit should be filled with filter media. The capacity of the pit can be designed on the basis of catchment area, rainfall intensity and recharge rate of soil. Usually the dimensions of the pit may be of 1 to 2 m width and 2 to 3 m deep depend ing on the depth of pervious strata. These pits are suitable for recharging of shallow aquifers, and small houses. Soak away or Recharge Shafts less pervious. These are bored hole of 30 cm dia. up to 10 to 15 m deep, depending on depth of pervious layer. Bore should be lined with slotted/perforated PVC/MS pipe to prevent collapse of the vertical sides. At the top of soak away required size ump is constructed to retain runoff before the filters through soak away. Sump should be filled with filter media. Recharging of dug wells Dug well can be used as recharge structure. Rainwater from the rooftop is diverted to dug wells after passing it through filtration bed. Cleaning and desalting of dug well should be done regularly to enhance the recharge rate. The filtration method suggested for bore well recharging could be used. Recharge trench in provided where upper impervious layer of soil is shallow. It is a trench excavated on the ground and refilled with porous media like pebbles, boulder or brickbats. t is usually made for harvesting the surface runoff. Bore wells can also be provided inside the trench as recharge shafts to enhance percolation. The length of the trench is decided as per the amount of runoff expected. This method is suitable for small houses, playgrounds, parks and roadside drains. The recharge trench can be of size 0. 50 to 1. 0 m wide and 1. 0 to 1. 5 m deep. Percolation tanks Percolation tanks are artificially created surface water bodies, submerging a land area with adequate permeability to facilitate sufficient percolation to recharge the ground water. These can be built in big campuses where land is available and Surface run-off and roof top water can be diverted to this tank. Water accumulating in the tank percolates in the solid to augment the ground water. The stored water can be used directly for gardening and raw use. Percolation tanks should be built in gardens, open spaces and roadside green belts of urban area. Dos and Donts Harvested rainwater is used for direct usage or for recharging aquifers. It is most important to ensure that the rainwater caught is free from pollutants. Following precautionary measures should be taken while harvesting rainwater:- Roof or terraces uses for harvesting should be clean, free from dust, algal plants etc. Roof should not be painted since most paints contain toxic substances and may peel off. Do not store chemicals, rusting iron, manure or detergent on the roof. Nesting of birds on the roof should be prevented. Terraces should not be used for toilets either by human beings or by pets. Provide gratings at mouth of each drainpipe on terraces to trap leaves debris and floating materials. Provision of first rain separator should be made to flush off first rains. Do not use polluted water to recharge ground water. Ground water should only be recharged by rainwater. Before recharging, suitable arrangements of filtering should be provided. Filter media should be cleaned before every monsoon season.

Religion Conclusion free essay sample

In conclusion, after reading and observing all major religions of the world Oudaism, Christianity and Islam) are different in their concept of worshipping, fasting, festivals and tradition. I found one significant thing in all major religions that they believed in one God and accepts of God existence. No matter whom we are and belongs which religion but at end of the day we all standup on a single platform of one God. In Judaism, worship is only for God and God is everlasting with no concept of death and born. This is the same belief in Islam that Allah is eternal with no wife, and son, and nor son of others. In Christianity, God is one but in three different divine substance of Trinity. Jesus of Nazareth teaches that to perform the Lords Prayer by sacrificing our self toward God love and for all people. Jesus said that Humble men are very fortunate! For the Kingdom of Heaven is given to them. We will write a custom essay sample on Religion Conclusion or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This part concludes that Jesus preached that serve our life for God and humanity for forgiveness their sins and offering a precious gift kingdom of a heaven. The Gospel of Matthew, page no: 82 20- 178). I also found similar names of prophet in major religions. Similar names but different in pronunciation. As Jesus in Christianity and Isa in Islam, Moses in Judaism and Musa in Islam, Jacob in Judaism and Yaqub in Islam. At last all the major religion prophets came into this world with a similar message and mission of one God worshiped and transfer God commands towards followers for their better success in both worlds. All prophets gave instructions for doing good deed to reach heaven and strictly restrict not to perform sin. Furthermore, all major religions festivals give the message of happiness in our life by obeying God commands in certain manners. I also observed that all religious festivals make you closer towards God and make you strong in belief of your religion. Being a follower ofa religion will make you a unique person in the society and not only make you a person but more over make you a better human. I believed that a true religion is that who gave a message of oneness, equality, peace and humanity. The best religion which makes you a better human than a religious person. The upreme religion which teach you to serve our life for human welfare, help and support them without any discrimination. The great religion which guide you to walk on straight path of deed and revoke you from doing sin, the perfect religion which tells you to feel others pain and more respectful and humble to your parents in a lovely manner. Moreover, the best religion which command you to help poor people and orphans by providing necessary facilities of daily life. The most interesting, important and valuable things that I learned from all major religions that offerings rayers regularly which give you peace of mind. Remembering God in our life will make our heart and soul pure of divine light, getting guidance through teachings of your health. Good character and thinking about equality in every aspect of life where the color and race does not matter in your life. The guidance by the word of God (Quran, Torah and Bible) and the teachings of prophet will lead us to live life in this world with great comfort and the best religion to follow and achieve success everywhere. The most valuable things in Islam are the respect for Women, family and chieving good behavior and character. I feel blessed following this religion and I am blessed to born and die in the same religion because the meaning of Islam is peace and the biggest earning in life to earn peace in life, which I got it from birth and I will die in peace following the same religion. In last words, all religion teaches us about to truthful talk and helps others without any unfairness. This will make a better society and all religions preach that to develop the world with humankind and moral education.

Military Funeral Honors in the US Navy

Military Funeral Honors in the US Navy I am currently working for the US Navy, and I am in charge of conducting military funeral honors. My main task is referred to as passing of the flag. This is a very demanding job, but fortunately, two persons can accomplish it. There are many military funerals and thus I cannot manage to attend all of them. That is why I need to delegate my authority to someone else. This implies that the task of passing the flag is possible, just as if I was physically present.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Military Funeral Honors in the US Navy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Lewis et al. (2007, p.198) argue that the task delegation cannot be successful without clear instructions that explain the manner in which to execute the task. It is in this regard that I have considered documenting the task because it will help in preventing any faults. This is because I am the one expected to account for all happenings encountered in the task and hence, I cannot hold the delegated person accountable. I have therefore created a framework for the person that receives my authority to dictate the appropriate time and manner of executing the task. I have decided to explain to the person to whom I am delegating this task to the importance of this initiative. The benefits are to be experienced by three entities, that is, this other person and the organization in general, and myself. First, delegation will slash my workload and therefore I will not feel overwhelmed because the tasks will be more manageable and I will focus on the most crucial tasks such as planning for flag passing sessions. In this light, the most obvious benefit is the monetary reward, which varies depending on the volunteer’s position. The person to whom authority will be delegated will get an opportunity to exercise his/her skills and abilities and he/she could be my successor when I retire. Saleem (2007, p.1) explains that executing this task on my behalf will provide the other person with the relevant training that will be needed in future for him/her to serve in this position. Moreover, volunteering in this position will yield points, which will be credited into his /her retirement scheme and thus, increase his/her income at that time. Similarly, I will explain to the person to whom I am delegating this task to how I will measure his/her performance and be in a position to tell whether the quality of his/her performance was satisfactory. I will set the goals for this task as recommended by Portny (2010, p.134) and thereafter, refer to them when gauging his/her performance.Advertising Looking for essay on homeland security? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More I expect his/her output to be slightly higher than mine because he/she will not be handling the entire tasks single handedly, as I did previously. Should I get any complains from my superiors I will assum e his/her output is below average and at that juncture, I will have to go back to the drawing board. The person to whom I intend to delegate this task to is very competent because he/she is drawn from the US navy and therefore is familiar with the force’s obligations and thus, knows what is expected of him/her. This implies that I will not have to train this person concerning this task of passing the flag. However, I will evaluate his/her performance in her/his present position so that I can be certain about his/her reliability. This is because this person cannot be expected to deliver an outstanding performance if he/she has failed to do the same in her/his present position. The spirit of volunteering when the need arises especially when we are engaged in a war motivates every officer in the US navy. However, I have a good working relationship with the person receiving may authority, which is based on mutual respect. Besides, if there are any faults in the task there are har dly any monetary costs. There can only be human expenses because this service is usually rendered before the bereaved family commences with grieving (Department of Defense, 2011). Furthermore, I will be able to supervise the performance of this person because in most situations, I am usually present but hardly noticed because I only come in when there is a fault that needs to be corrected. The faults will be corrected swiftly so that the organization does not feel the pinch of accumulated liabilities. In fact, I do not need to consult my boss regarding this initiative. This is because my superior knows that I am a responsible person and our code of ethics has granted me the power of task delegation. If the person performs well, this task will be his/her bridge for advancing his/her career in the US navy. He/she is most likely to be promoted to the position of funeral honor coordinator. The position entails dictating how the honors will be conducted. Moreover, this position involves giving messages of condolences to the bereaved family on behalf of the deceased officer’s branch. I will delegate this task without fear because all officers are trained to be flexible and thus, they are able to work in any position and deliver the desired results. References Department of Defense (2011). Military Funeral Honors. Web.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Military Funeral Honors in the US Navy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Lewis, P. S., Goodman, S. H., Fandt, P. M., Michlitsch, J. F. (2007). Management: Challenges for Tomorrows Leaders (5th ed.). Mason, OH: Cengage Learning. Portny, E. S. (2010). Project Management for Dummies. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley Publishing Inc. Saleem, H. (2007, June 23). How to Delegate Effectively. Directory Journal. Retrieved from https://www.dirjournal.com/blogs/how-to-delegate-effectively/

Don't Ask, Don't Tell Reform in the Military Research Paper

Don't Ask, Don't Tell Reform in the Military - Research Paper Example In the United States of America, the way gays are dealt with greatly impacts the way people perceive leaders. This paper will focus on the controversial issue that regards the military’s Don't Ask, Don't Tell (DADT) Policy. Currently, there is a ban for the admission and maintenance of openly gay people in the military in the US, also known as Don't Ask, Don't Tell (DADT). President Obama promised to scrap off this ban and as a result, there have been efforts made by his administration to change the law regarding to gay people in the military. These efforts were futile because the democrats did not manage to get enough votes in the senate to allow for this reform to be done. This means that there still exist a debate as to whether openly gay people should be allowed in the military or that the ban be maintained. This subject is controversial because a reform in this law has un-ignorable pros and cons. Pros associated with a reform on Don't Ask, Don't Tell Act in the Military U nder the â€Å"Don't Tell† part of the Don't Ask, Don't Tell Act, any military person who discloses that they are in a homosexual relationship is terminated from the military (Jones 3). This is very unfair to them considering the large numbers of well known homosexuals in the country. What should be taken into consideration is how their declaration of their status has affected their service and discipline in the military and that of others as well. If no negative effect or disallowed behavior can be pointed out, then there is no good basis of removing such people from the military. This is because a declaration of their status may not necessarily mean that there will be a change in discipline or service among the gays (Belkin 278). Some of the research or studies conducted indicate that there is no incompatibility between open gay lifestyle with military service. Examples of such studies are that which was conducted by RAND Corporation under the commission of the department o f defense (DOD) and that conducted by the General Accounting Office. This means that a reform on the Don't Tell part of the Don't Ask, Don't Tell Act will be most advantageous to the military personnel. This is because it will end the victimization of these who have openly declared their sexual orientation without portraying any unwanted behaviors from then onwards. Don't Ask, Don't Tell Act protects gays from being denied a chance to join the military as along as they do not openly declare their engagement in gay activities (Levy 190). As a result of this, all people have had an equal chance to join the US military provided they meet all the specified requirements. This means that the right to employment among the gays has not been interfere in any way. This important because there is no substantial evidence that being a gay is affects the ability of an individual to execute their duties as expected. This means that a scrap of the Don't Ask, Don't Tell Act will serve to protect tho se who may declare their engagement in gay activities during the recruitment process. Cons associated with a reform on Don't Ask, Don't Tell Act in the Military Ban on Don't Ask, Don't Tell Act could have great impacts on culture and discipline within the military (Belkin 280). This is because the Don’t Tell policy moderates public engagement among gay. An open declaration of gay orientation could make the behavior spread in